El futuro compuesto

 Future with ir a

• Just like English says, "I am going to...", Spanish uses the verb ir and the preposition a followed by the infinitive:

Voy a cantar mañana. ¿Cuándo vas a entenderme? ¿Qué va a ocurrir?

Vamos a decidir la semana que viene. No vais a ver nada. No van a ir.

• Some useful terms to indicate future occurrences:

después later	mañana tomorrow	pasado mañana the day after tomorrow
más tarde later	esta tarde this afternoon	esta noche tonight
esta semana this week	la próxima semana  next week	el mes, el año próximo next month, year
este mes this month	la próxima vez next time	el año, el mes que viene next year, month

Webjercicios aquí + página 101 ej.3 + pág. 102 ej 4

El Condicional

THE CONDITIONAL is used as it is in English:

¡Felipe no diría eso nunca! No me molestaría darte un beso. Sería maravilloso saber bailar.

Felipe would never say that! I wouldn't mind giving you a kiss. It would be wonderful to know how to dance.

• Spanish also uses the conditional to express conjectures about past situations:

No vino ayer: estaría enferma. ¿Se le olvidaría la cita?

She didn't come. She was probably sick. Maybe he forgot about the appointment.

 English frequently uses the word would to express past habitual actions. Spanish uses the imperfect in such cases:
As a child, I would go to the movies all the time.De niño, iba al cine todo el tiempo

FOR POLITE REQUESTS:

• Quisiera is often used for I would like instead of the conditional (Querría is generally avoided).

¿Quisieras acompañarme? Quisiera ir a Perú algún día. Me gustaría ir a Perú.

Would you like (want) to go with me? I would like to go to Peru some day.

• Would you...?, Could you...? involve either the conditional or the past subjunctive of poder:

¿Me pudiera Ud. dar información? (formal) ¿Me podrías dar información? (just polite)

Could/Would you give me some information?

 Hay is expressed in these tenses with the future or conditional of haber in the 3rd person singular:

No habrá problemas en el país. Si hubiera más educación,    habría menos guerras.

There won’t be any problems in the country. If there were more education,    there would be fewer wars.

Ejercicios: estos webejercicios 

Adverbios

 GENERAL USE

Adverbs provide more information about verbs or adjectives by describing how an action is performed, how often it is done, how intense a quality is, etc.:

Habla bien. No estudiamos demasiado. Es bastante difícil.

She speaks well. We do not study too much. It is quite difficult.

• Adverbs have no feminine or plural forms, and are placed as close to the verb as possible:

Son bastante difíciles. Las peras están demasiado viejas. Me gustan mucho las fiestas.

They’re quite difficult. The pears are too old. I like parties a lot.

 Some adverbs, however, are also adjectives. As all other adjectives, thus, these must agree with the noun in number and gender: Tiene muchos problemas, bastantes preocupaciones y demasiadas deudas.

FORMATION OF ADVERBS FROM ADJECTIVES

• To form an adverb add -mente to the feminine form of an adjective:

lento → lentamente rápido → rápidamente

feliz → felizmente difícil → difícilmente

 When used in a series, only the last adjective will add the suffix -mente:
Trabaja rápida y eficazmente.He works quickly and efficiently.

• The suffix -mente is rarely used with adjectives ending in -nte. Use adverbial phrases instead:

interestingly frequently intelligently elegantly more importantly

de manera interesante con frecuencia con inteligencia, de forma inteligente con elegancia lo que es más importante

• The common adjectives bueno and malo have their own corresponding adverbial forms:

(good) bueno → bien (well)	(bad) malo → mal (badly)
Ella habla bien el italiano, pero canta mal. Ejercicios: página 26 y 27 + estos webejercicios

El futuro

Future (will)
hablaré hablarás hablará hablaremos hablaréis hablarán	viviré vivirás vivirá viviremos viviréis vivirán

• The future and conditional have the same endings for all verbs.

• The stem is generally the infinitive, but some verbs (and their compounds) differ slightly:

decir: diré caber: cabrá haber: habrá hacer: harás

poder: podremos poner: pondrá querer: querrás saber: sabrás

salir: saldrá tener: tendré valer: valdrá venir: vendrá

 A. THE FUTURE is used as it is in English:

Esta mesa no cabrá en el auto. Prepararemos la cena cuando llegues. Habrá mejores oportunidades algún día.

This table won't fit in the car. We'll prepare dinner when you get here. There will be better opportunities some day.

• Spanish also uses the future to express some conjectures (conjeturas):

No contesta el teléfono: estará fuera. ¿Le pasará algo?

He won't answer the phone –perhaps he’s out. Maybe something's happening to him/her.

 Sometimes, English will or won't does not refer to the future but rather implies want, in which case it must be expressed with the appropriate verb (usually querer) in Spanish:
He won't speak with me.No quiere hablar conmigo.

 Remember that the present subjunctive is used to express future, hypothetical events in subordinate clauses (as seen in sections 44-50):

No creemos que tenga ningún problema. Ojalá que no haya examen mañana.

We don't think he'll have any problems. I hope there won't be an exam tomorrow.

For exercises, click here (do only future!)